fa اثر بخشی تلفیقی بازی‌های ساختاریافته و تحریکات حسی بر عملکرد اجرایی کودکان اتیسم عمومى General پژوهشي Research <span style="font-family:yekanYW;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">مقدمه</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">: </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین میزان اثر بخشی تلفیقی دو روش بازی های ساختاریافته و تحریکات حسی بر عملکرد اجرایی کودکان اتیسم بود. </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">روش پژوهش</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">:</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""> پژوهش حاضر مطالعه‌ای شبه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با یک گروه کنترل بود. از جامعه آماری کودکان دختر و پسر 5 تا 12 سال مبتلا به اوتیسم، 20 کودک مراجعه کننده به مرکز درمانی توانبخشی پایا در شهر تهران در </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">سال 1399، با در نظر گرفتن ملاک های ورود و خروج انتخاب شده و به صورت تصادفی در گروه &shy;های آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه 10 نفر) جایگماری شدند. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">روش برآورد حجم نمونه بر اساس جدول کوهن، با اندازه اثر 5/0، توان آزمون 8/0 و آلفای 05/0 حجم نمونه معادل 20 نفر برآورد شد</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">.گروه آزمایش علاوه بر </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">خدمات آموزشی و درمانی مرکز پایا، </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">از 12 جلسه</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> تلفیقی تحریک حسی و بازی درمانی بهره مند شدند ولی گروه کنترل فقط خدمات آموزشی و درمانی مرکز پایا را دریافت کردند. والدین کودکان هر دو گروه قبل و بعد از مداخله، </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">پرسشنامه درجه‌بندی رفتاری کارکردهای اجرایی گای اسکویت و کن ورسی (2000) را تکمیل کردند.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات با استفاده از روش تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیری(</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">MANCOVA</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">) &nbsp;و به کارگیری نرم افزار </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">SPSS</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> انجام گردید. </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span iransans=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">یافته های پژوهش</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">: یافته ها نشان داد که </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">مداخله لگو درمانی </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">کنترل عملکرد اجرایی کودکان گروه آزمایش را در مقایسه با گروه کنترل در مؤلفه‌های بازداری</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">، برنامه ریزی، سازمان دهی&nbsp; و کنترل عملکرد اجرایی در سطح معناداری 01/0 و مؤلفه کنترل هیجانی در سطح معناداری 05/0 بهبود می بخشد. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">نتیجه&shy;گیری:</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar=""> با توجه به تایید فرضیه های پژوهش مبنی بر اثربخشی تلفیق بازی‌های ساختاریافته و تحریک حسی بر بهبود عملکرد اجرایی کودکان دارای اختلالی طیف اوتیسم، </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" zar="">نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند در محیط‌های درمانی و مراکز ارائه خدمات مشاوره‌‌ای به منظور کاهش اختلال و تقویت عملکرد این کودکان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.</span></span></span><u><span lang="FA" style="font-size:13.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="font-family:"B Zar""></span></span></span></u></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">Introduction:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the two methods of structured games and sensory stimulation on the executive function of autistic children.</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <pre style="text-align:justify"> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></pre> <pre style="text-align:justify"> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span courier="" new="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Research method</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: The current research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-post test design with a control group<span style="color:#202124">.</span></span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The statistical population of the research includes boys and girls aged 5 to 12 years with autism who visited the Paya rehabilitation treatment center in Tehran in 2020. The sample size estimation method was based on Cohen&#39;s table, with an effect size of 0.5, test power of 0.8 and alpha of 0.05, the sample size was estimated to be 20 people, taking into account the entry and exit criteria randomly in the groups Experiment and control (10 people in each group) were placed. In addition to the educational and therapeutic services of the Paya Center, the experimental group benefited from 12 combined sessions of sensory stimulation and play therapy, but the control group only received the educational and therapeutic services of the Paya Center.</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">The parents </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">of children in both groups completed the </span></span><span style="background:white"><span style="font-family:" tahoma="">Behavioral Rating Scale of Executive Functions</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (2000) before and after the intervention. Data analysis was done using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) <span style="color:#202124">and using SPSS software.</span></span></span><span style="font-size:21.0pt"><span style="font-family:"inherit",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></pre> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Research findings</span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">: The findings showed that lego therapy intervention controlled the executive performance of children in the experimental group compared to the control group in the components of inhibition, planning, organization and control of executive performance at a significance level of 0.01 and emotional control component at a significance level. 0.05 improves.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="background:#f8f9fa"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">Conclusion:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124"> According to the confirmation of research hypothes</span></span><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">i</span></span><span lang="EN" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#202124">s regarding the effectiveness of combining structured games and sensory stimulation on improving the executive function of children with autism spectrum disorder, the results of this research can be used in therapeutic environments and centers to provide counseling services in order to reduce the disorder and strengthen the performance of this used by children.</span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; اوتیسم, تحریک حسی, عملکرد اجرایی, بازی‌های ساختاریافته, لگودرمانی, کودکان اوتیستیک. Autism, Sensory stimulation, Executive function, Structured games, Lego therapy, Autistic children. 133 153 http://jeche.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-40-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 zohre Musazadeh زهره موسی زاده moosazadeh@isu.ac.ir 1003194753284600612 1003194753284600612 Yes Asieh Mahjooby آسیه محجوبی 1003194753284600613 1003194753284600613 No Orooj Ghalibaf عروج قالیباف 1003194753284600614 1003194753284600614 No