Journal of Childhood

Introduction: The present study aimed to model the structural equations of emotion regulation based on perceived parenting with the mediating role of memory in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Research Method: The descriptive correlational research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all children aged 7 to 10 years with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder who referred to the child psychiatric clinic in Tehran's District 2 in 2024. Based on the Krejci and Morgan table, 220 people were selected through the available sampling method. The tools of this research included Gross and John's (2003) emotion regulation, Pasquali's (2012) perceived parenting, and Pickering and Gadrecole's (2001) children's working memory. The data collected in this study were analyzed using SPSS version 23 and Smart PLS version 20.3 software and with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation test, structural equation modeling, and partial least squares algorithm). The significance level in the tests was considered to be 0.05.

Results: The results indicated that the overall research model fit the empirical data. The findings showed that perceived parenting had a positive and significant effect on memory and emotion regulation (p<0.01). Also, the effect of perceived parenting on emotion regulation was positive and significant with respect to the mediating role of memory (p<0.01).

Discussion: From the research findings, it can be concluded that perceived parenting and memory play a key role in predicting the emotion regulation of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and accordingly, it seems necessary for counseling centers to pay more attention to these variables in order to improve the performance of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.