Journal of Childhood

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Abstract Introduction: Play is a response to growth and development of abilities, capabilities, aptitudes, initial and basic needs of a child. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of play in mental, emotional and social development of preschool children in District 5 of Tehran Province. Research Method: The method of the present study was experimental with a pre-test, post-test semi-experimental design with a control group. The subjects have been divided in two experimental and control groups. The statistical population included 120 preschool children in District 5 of Tehran Province who were selected from three active kindergartens. To determine the sample size based on Krejcie and Morgan table, 92 children were selected and after taking the mental, emotional and social development test, those participants who received high or low scores were removed then 30 subjects were selected by simple random sampling method and the experimental and control groups were divided into two groups of 15 person, afterward the experimental group was trained for about 10 sessions. The instruments used in this study included Ghomrani et al. Theory of Mind Questionnaire (2006), Bhargava Emotional Maturity Questionnaire (1991) and Wildland Social Development (1953). In order to analyze the research data, descriptive and inferential statistical tests such as univariate analysis of covariance were used in SPSS software version 22. Results: The findings showed that play had a significant effect and efficiency on mental, emotional and finally social development of preschool children in District 5 of Tehran Province. Discussion: Play promotes the emotional, social, physical and mental development of a child. Playing in form of active games and mental games has always taken for the best natural activity for any child. During play child's mental and physical strengths such as accuracy, memory, imagination, discipline, agility, skill, physical strength and etc. develop, and in addition, play becomes a stimulus and motivation for obtaining social experiences for the child. The child naturally expresses "himself" through a play.

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